Charles Sanders Peirce
Charles Sanders Peirce General Charles Sanders Peirce Charles Sanders Peirce bibliography Philosophical Categories (Peirce) Semiotic elements and classes of signs Pragmatic maxim Pragmaticism Synechism Tychism Classification of the sciences Biographical Juliette Peirce Charles Santiago Sanders Peirce Abbreviations B:x: Brent, Joseph (1998), Charles Sanders Peirce: A Life, 2nd edition, page x CDPT: Commens Dictionary of Peirce's Terms CP x.y: Collected Papers, volume x, paragraph y EP x:y: The Essential Peirce, volume x, page y W x:y Writings of Charles S. Peirce, volume x, page y v t e Charles Sanders Peirce (/ˈpɜrs/, like "purse", September 10, 1839 – April 19, 1914) was an American philosopher, logician, mathematician, and scientist, sometimes known as "the father of pragmatism". He was educated as a chemist and employed as a scientist for 30 years. Today he is appreciated largely for his contributions to logic, mathematics, philosophy, scientific methodology, and semiotics, and for his founding of pragmatism. In 1934, the philosopher Paul Weiss called Peirce "the most original and versatile of American philosophers and America's greatest logician". Webster's Biographical Dictionary said in 1943 that Peirce was "now regarded as the most original thinker and greatest logician of his time." An innovator in mathematics, statistics, philosophy, research methodology, and various sciences, Peirce considered himself, first and foremost, a logician. He made major contributions to logic, but logic for him encompassed much of that which is now called epistemology and philosophy of science. He saw logic as the formal branch of semiotics, of which he is a founder. As early as 1886 he saw that logical operations could be carried out by electrical switching circuits; the same idea was used decades later to produce digital computers.