Marcus Garvey
This article may contain excessive, poor, or irrelevant examples. Please improve the article by adding more descriptive text and removing less pertinent examples. See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles for further suggestions. (October 2011) This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. No cleanup reason has been specified. Please help improve this article if you can. (November 2007) Marcus Garvey Garvey in 1924 Born Marcus Mosiah Garvey, Jr. (1887-08-17)17 August 1887 Saint Ann's Bay, Jamaica Died 10 June 1940(1940-06-10) (aged 52) London, England, UK Occupation Publisher, journalist Known for Activism, black nationalism, Pan-Africanism Spouse(s) Amy Euphemia Jacques Garvey Children Marcus Mosiah Garvey, III (born 17 September 1930) and Julius Winston (born 1933) Parents Marcus Mosiah Garvey, Sr. Sarah Jane Richards Rastafari movement Main doctrines Jah Afrocentrism Ital Zion Cannabis use Central figures Haile Selassie I Jesus Menen Asfaw Marcus Garvey Key scriptures Bible Kebra Nagast The Promise Key Holy Piby My Life and Ethiopia's Progress Royal Parchment Scroll of Black Supremacy Branches Mansions in the U.S. Bobo Ashanti Nyabinghi Twelve Tribes of Israel Festivals Shashamane Grounation Day Reasoning Notable individuals Leonard Howell Joseph Hibbert Archibald Dunkley Mortimer Planno Vernon Carrington Charles Edwards Bob Marley Peter Tosh See also Vocabulary Persecution Dreadlocks Reggae Roots reggae Ethiopian Christianity Chalice Index of Rastafari articles v t e Pan-African topics General Pan-Africanism Afro-Asian Afro-Latino Colonialism Africa Maafa Black people African philosophy Black conservatism Black leftism Black nationalism Black orientalism Afrocentrism African Topics Art FESPACO African art PAFF People George Padmore Walter Rodney Patrice Lumumba Thomas Sankara Frantz Fanon Molefi Kete Asante Ahmed Sékou Touré Kwame Nkrumah Marcus Garvey Malcolm X Haile Selassie W. E. B. Du Bois Muammar Gaddafi C. L. R. James Cheikh Anta Diop Elijah Muhammad Yosef Ben-Jochannan Alhaji Alieu Ebrima Cham Joof Robert Mugabe v t e Marcus Mosiah Garvey, Jr., ONH (17 August 1887 – 10 June 1940), was a Jamaican political leader, publisher, journalist, entrepreneur, and orator who was a staunch proponent of the Black Nationalism and Pan-Africanism movements, to which end he founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL). He founded the Black Star Line, which promoted the return of the African diaspora to their ancestral lands. Prior to the twentieth century, leaders such as Prince Hall, Martin Delany, Edward Wilmot Blyden, and Henry Highland Garnet advocated the involvement of the African diaspora in African affairs. Garvey was unique in advancing a Pan-African philosophy to inspire a global mass movement and economic empowerment focusing on Africa known as Garveyism. Promoted by the UNIA as a movement of African Redemption, Garveyism would eventually inspire others, ranging from the Nation of Islam to the Rastafari movement (which proclaims Garvey as a prophet). Garveyism intended persons of African ancestry in the diaspora to "redeem" the nations of Africa and for the European colonial powers to leave the continent. His essential ideas about Africa were stated in an editorial in the Negro World entitled "African Fundamentalism", where he wrote: "Our union must know no clime, boundary, or nationality… to let us hold together under all climes and in every country…"