Red Cloud
Red Cloud Born Maȟpíya Lúta 1822 near North Platte, Nebraska Died December 10, 1909 Pine Ridge, South Dakota Resting place Red Cloud Cemetery, Pine Ridge 43°4′38″N 102°35′1″W / 43.07722°N 102.58361°W / 43.07722; -102.58361 (Grave of Red Cloud (Maȟpíya Lúta)) Residence Pine Ridge, South Dakota Nationality Oglala Lakota Other names "Chief Red Cloud" Known for Red Cloud's War Successor Chief Jack Red Cloud Religion Lakota religion, later Roman Catholic Spouse(s) Pretty Owl Children Wears War Bonnet Red Cloud b.1850, Louise Red Cloud b.1854, Jack Red Cloud b.1858, Tells Him Red Cloud b.1860, Charges At Red Cloud b.1861, Comes Back Red Cloud b.1865 Parents Walks As She Thinks, Chief Lone Man Red Cloud (Lakota: Maȟpíya Lúta) (1822 – December 10, 1909) was a war leader and a chief of the Oglala Lakota. He led as a chief from 1868 to 1909. One of the most capable Native American opponents the United States Army faced, he led a successful campaign in 1866–1868 known as Red Cloud's War over control of the Powder River Country in northeastern Wyoming and southern Montana. After signing the Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868), Red Cloud led his people in the important transition to reservation life. Some of his US opponents mistakenly thought of him as overall chief of the Sioux (Dakota, Lakota, and Nakota). The large tribe had several major divisions and was highly decentralized. Bands among the Oglala and other divisions operated independently, even though some individual leaders such as Red Cloud were renowned as warriors and highly respected as leaders.